10th Class Physical Science Chapter wise Important bit bank in English

26. Group 17 (VIIA) elements are __________.

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Halogen family

27. Group 18 (VIIIA) elements are ______________.

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Noble gas family

28. The ‘4f’ elements are called ____________ or ____________ .

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Lanthanoids , lanthanides

29. The 5f elements are called _____________ or as __________. They are from 90Th to 103Lr .

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Actinides , Actinides

30. __________ or ___________ are elements which have properties that are intermediate between the properties of metals and non-metals.

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Metalloids , semi-metals

31. All elements in s-block are ________, whereas in p-block (except 18th group) there are metals, non-metals and metalloids.

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metals

32. The distance between the nucleus and outer most shell is known as ___________.

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atomic radius

33. Atomic radius is measured in __________ units. (1 pm = 10-12 m)

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‘pm’ (pico meter)

34. In general the positive ions are called _________ and negative charged ions are called anions.

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cation

35. The energy required removing an electron from the outer most orbits or shell of a neutral gaseous atom is called _____________.

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ionization energy

36. The energy required removing the first electron from the outer most orbits or shell of a neutral gaseous atom of the element is called its _________________.

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first ionization energy

37. The energy required to remove an electron from uni- positive ion of the element is called the _______________ of that element and so on.

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2nd ionization energy

38. If the nuclear charge increases then ionization energy is ___________.

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increases

39. More the shells with electrons between the nucleus and the valence shell, they act as screens and decrease nuclear attraction over valence electron. This is called the ___________.

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screening effect

40. If more the screening effect, less is the _____________.

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ionization energy

41. If more the ______________, less is the ionization energy.

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atomic radius

42. Ionization energy is expressed in _______ (or) ev.

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kJ mol-1

43. The _____________ of an element is defined as the energy liberated when an electron is added to its neutral gaseous atom.

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electron affinity

44. Electron affinity of an element is also called electron gain ____________ of that element.

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enthalpy

45. The ___________ of an element is defined as the relative tendency of its atom to attract electrons towards it when it is bonded to the atom of another element.

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electro negativity

46. ________ proposed that the electro negativity of an element is the average value of its ionization energy and electron affinity.

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Milliken

47. Electro negativity =

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\frac { ionization energy + electron affinity }{ 2 }

48. The most electronegative element is ‘_____’ and the least electronegative stable element is ‘______’.

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F, Cs

49. Metals generally show less __________ character.

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electronegative

50. Metals are ___________ elements.

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electropositive

51. __________ are generally more electronegative due to their smaller atomic radii.

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Non-metals

52. Dobereiner grouped the elements into _________ and Newlands gave the law of Octaves.

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Triads

53. Elements in the Modern Periodic table are arranged in _____ groups and _____ periods.

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18, 7

54. All the d- block elements (except Zn group) are known as ________________ and all the f-block elements (both Lanthanides, Actinides) are known as _______________.

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transition elements, inner transition elements
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